Lumbar osteochondrosis is a chronic disease that develops due to the degenerative weakening process of the intervertebral disc.The disease is common and in most cases affects people aged 25 to 40.
According to statistics on back pain, he experienced it at least once every second in his life, and in 95% of the cases, they are due to osteochondrosis in the spine.
Patients with severe lumbar osteochondrosis, persistent pain, and other manifestations are considered temporary disability.If there is no improvement within four months, the problem of establishing a disabled group can be addressed.
Lumbar osteochondrosis is a serious medical and social problem because the disease mainly affects people of the ages and in the absence of treatment, it can lead to the formation of hernia in the intervertebral disc.
Causes and risk factors
Factors that tend to develop lumbar chondropathy are:
- abnormal spinal structure;
- Lumbar vertebrae is the congenital pathology of the spine, characterized by the separation of the ac bone from the first vertebrae and its transformation in the sixth (additional) lumbar vertebrae.
- S ossification is a congenital pathology in which the fifth lumbar spine is fed with ac bone.
- asymmetrical position of vertebrae joint cracks;
- pathological narrowing of the spinal canal;
- Reflexed spinal cord pain (somatic cells and muscles);
- obesity;
- A sedentary lifestyle;
- Long-term exposure to vibration;
- Systemic physical strain;
- Smoking.
Adverse statodynanic loading combined with one or more risk factors leads to changes in the physiological properties of the fiber disc jacket core, playing a shocking role and providing spinal mobility.The basis of this process is the depolymerization of polysaccharides, which results in the loss of moisture in the fabric with jet cores.As a result, the jacket core and its fiber discs lose their elastic properties.Further mechanical loading can cause protrusion of the fiber annulus that loses elasticity.This phenomenon is called prominent.The crack appears in the fiber core, and fragments of the jacket core (prolapse, hernia of the intervertebral disc) fall off.
Over time, the long compression of nerve roots that innervate certain organs can cause their function to deteriorate.
Instability in the spinal segment is accompanied by reactive changes in adjacent vertebrae, vertebrae and the consequent spondylitis.For example, in the context of physical activity, important muscle contractions can lead to metastasis of the vertebrae and erosion of nerve roots, and as the radiation syndrome develops.
Bone plants may be another cause of pain and neurological symptoms of lumbar osteochondrosis - the origin of the vertebrae bone produces the bone that produces the vertebrae, resulting in vertebrae syndrome or compressive myelopathy (compression of the spinal cord).
The form of disease
Depending on attracting the structure to the pathological process, lumbar osteochondrosis is clinically manifested by the following syndrome:
- reflection-Lumboichachalia, Lumbago; develops in the context of reflex overpressure of back muscles;
- Compression (spine, blood vessels, radiation)- Their development causes compression (compression) of the spinal cord, blood vessels, or nerve roots.An example is lumbar radiitis, radical nucleic acidemia.
Symptoms of lumbar bone osteochondrosis
In lumbar osteocartilage, symptoms are determined by attracting structures to the pathological process.
Cashews occur under the influence of hypothermia or physical overvoltage, and sometimes there is no obvious reason.The pain suddenly appears and ejaculates.It is sneezing, coughing, turning, physically tired, seating, standing, walking.In the lying position, the pain is significantly reduced.Sensitivity and reflexes are retained, and the movement volume of the waist area is reduced.
During palpation, they observed:
- soreness in the waist area;
- Spasms of the secondary muscles;
- The flattening of the waist spine, in many cases, is combined with scoliosis.
The nerve root tension syndrome in the lumbar root is negative.When straightening the legs, the patient notices increased pain in the lower back rather than in the elongated lower limbs.
Usually, as the lumbar vertebrae degeneration, pain attacks recur, each time becomes increasingly intense and long-term.
With Lumbalia, the clinical image is similar to the waist, but it increases the intensity of the pain within a few days.
In the waist shape, the patient complains of lower back pain, radiating to one or both of the lower limbs.The pain spreads to the back of the hips and thighs and never reaches the feet.
Vascular motility disorder is a characteristic of lumbar alopecia:
- Changes in temperature and color of lower limb skin;
- A feeling of heat or cold;
- Violation of blood supply.
The development of lumbar compression syndrome clinically manifests as the following symptoms:
- skin gipalgesia;
- Shooting pain;
- Weak or completely lose deep reflection;
- Peripheral paralysis.
Compression syndrome is added, and when tilting the body, it can increase pain, sneeze and cough.
diagnosis
The diagnosis of lumbar osteochondrosis was diagnosed based on the clinical situation of disease, laboratory and instrumental research methods.
In blood tests for the background of lumbar osteochondrosis, you can pay attention to:
- Reduced calcium concentration;
- Increase in ESR;
- Increase the levels of alkaline phosphatase.
Radiological examination of the spine is very important when diagnosing lumbar osteochondral bone marrow.
Over time, the long compression of nerve roots that innervate certain organs can cause their function to deteriorate.
X-ray function confirms the diagnosis:
- Change the configuration of the affected segment;
- pseudo-ridge base (metastasis of related vertebrae);
- Close the deformation of the board;
- Flat intervertebral disc;
- The disequential height of the intervertebral disc (septal symptoms) is associated with asymmetric muscle tone.
Also when diagnosing the diagnosis of lumbar vertebrae, indications are also used:
- Myelopathology, computational or magnetic rejection tomography - for persistent symptoms, the development of nerve deficiency is necessary;
- Scintography (studying the accumulation of the bone system of phosphorus, melting technology-99) - performed when tumors or infection processes (spine injury) are suspected.
Differential diagnosis of lumbar osteochondrosis is performed by the following diseases:
- Spondylolistz;
- Destructive spinal disease;
- ankylosing spondylitis (ankylosing spine);
- The infection process (inflammation of the disc, osteomyelitis of the spine);
- non-plastic processes (primary tumors of the spine or their metastatic lesions);
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- hip deformation osteoarthritis;
- Pain of reflexes (diseases of internal organs and large blood vessels).
Treatment of lumbar vertebrae disease
Using lumbar osteochondrosis, they usually adhere to the following treatment strategies:
- Rest for 2-3 days on the bed;
- traction of the affected spine;
- Muscles that strengthen back and abdominal pressure (the creation of SO called muscle corset);
- Effects on pathological myofascial and motonic processes.
Cashews occur under the influence of hypothermia or physical overvoltage, and sometimes there is no obvious reason.
In most cases, the following measures are taken for conservative treatment of lumbar osteocartilage:
- Resolve muscle infiltration with local anesthetics;
- Take non-replacement anti-inflammatory drugs;
- Receive desensitizers;
- Vitamin therapy;
- Receive sedatives and antidepressants;
- Manual therapy, massage;
- Physical Therapy Sports;
- acupuncture;
- Relax in the picture behind.
The absolute indications for surgical treatment of lumbar bone and chondrome and marrow are:
- acute or subacute compression of the spinal cord;
- The development of equine tail syndrome, characterized by impaired pelvic organs, sensitivity and dysmotic functions.
Medical gymnastics for lumbar bone osteochondrosis
In the complex treatment of lumbar and bone chondrosis, an important role is physiotherapy exercise.Conventional classes allow normalization of muscle tone in the secondary muscles, improving metabolic processes in tissues affected by pathological processes, and in addition to forming a good muscle corset, the spine can be kept in the right place, removing excess electrostatic load from it.
In order to make lumbar osteochondrosis have gymnastics, the maximum effect is followed by the following principles:
- The regularity of the class;
- The intensity of physical fatigue gradually increases;
- Avoid overwork in the course.
Physical education should be involved in the leadership of experienced coaches who will select the most effective exercises for specific patients and control the correctness of their implementation.
According to statistics on back pain, he experienced it at least once every second in his life, and in 95% of the cases, they are due to osteochondrosis in the spine.
In addition to your courses with the instructor, you should also perform morning gymnastics daily, which includes special exercises with lumbar osteochondrosis.
- Relaxation and contraction of abdominal muscles.The starting position is to stand, the legs are wide in shoulders, and the hands of the body are lowered.Breathing smoothly and relax the muscles in the anterior abdominal wall.As you breathe, absorb as much of your muscles as possible.This exercise should be repeated before light fatigue occurs.
- Head movement with a curved spine.The knees start, leaning against the floor behind, with the back straight.Raise your head slowly and bend backwards.Wander at this position for a few seconds and then return to its original position smoothly.Repeat at least 10-12 times.
- "put".The starting position is on the back, along the arms of the body, the legs bent at the joints of the knees and hips.Rotate the legs left and right, and use swinging movements to try to get the floor.Meanwhile, the shoulder blade cannot be torn from the floor.
- "Boat".The starting position of lying on the belly is the hand that extends forward.Tear the upper body and legs off the floor and bend it behind.At this position, last for 5-6 seconds, and then slowly return to the starting position.Perform 10 times.
Possible consequences and complications
The main complications of lumbar osteochondrosis are:
- The formation of vertebral hernia;
- vegetation dystonia;
- spinal muscles, spinal muscles;
- osteobotany;
- spondylitis;
- Stenosis of the spinal canal causes compression of the spinal cord and can lead to continuous loss of work ability and reduce quality of life.
Over time, the long compression of nerve roots that innervate certain organs can cause their function to deteriorate.As a result, the patient suffered from intestinal dysfunction (constipation, diarrhea, flatulence) and pelvic organs (urination disorder, erectile dysfunction, freezing, infertility).
forecast
Pain syndrome of lumbar chondrosis is performed in relief and aggravation.The cashew nuts last for 10-15 days, and the patient's condition improved and the pain subsided.Public secondary diseases may interfere with favorable outcomes.Usually, as the lumbar vertebrae degeneration, pain attacks recur, each time becomes increasingly intense and long-term.
In the complex treatment of lumbar and bone chondrosis, an important role is physiotherapy exercise.
Patients with severe lumbar osteochondrosis, persistent pain, and other manifestations are considered temporary disability.If there is no improvement within four months, the problem of establishing a disabled group can be addressed.
prevention
Preventing the development of spinal osteochondrosis is the following measures:
- Refuse to smoke;
- normalization of weight;
- Improve general physical condition and active lifestyle;
- Avoid triggering conditions (weight lifting, sharp movement, turn, tendency).